Need something else?
Click here to tell us your requirements
The products we are selling above are undoped. Please contact us if you would like N-type or P-type doping to your substrates.
Germanium (Ge) is a versatile semiconductor material that is highly valued for its excellent optical and electronic properties. Its unique properties make it suitable for a wide range of applications, including infrared optics, high-efficiency solar cells, and advanced semiconductor devices.
We offer Germanium (Ge) substrates in these common sizes:
5x5mm, 10x10mm, 20x20mm, 2”, 3”, 4” diameters. Contact us for a quote if you need a custom size.
Germanium (Ge) (100) Orientation:
Widely used in semiconductor applications, this orientation is ideal for the fabrication of electronic devices such as MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors) and high-speed transistors due to its superior electron mobility.
Germanium (Ge) (110) Orientation:
This orientation is commonly used in quantum computing research and high-performance computing devices. It offers excellent crystalline quality and is also favoured for epitaxial growth applications.
Germanium (Ge) (111) Orientation:
Frequently utilized in photodetectors and infrared optics, this orientation provides optimal surface characteristics for various optoelectronic applications, including high-performance solar cells and infrared detectors.
Germanium is well-known for its high refractive index and transparency in the infrared spectrum, making it essential in infrared optics and sensor technologies. Additionally, its compatibility with silicon technologies makes it an attractive substrate for advanced semiconductor devices and future quantum computing applications.
Applications and Benefits of Germanium (Ge):
Semiconductors: Germanium is essential in high-speed transistors and other electronic devices due to its high electron mobility.
Infrared Optics: With a broad transmission range in the infrared spectrum, Ge is used in infrared lenses and detectors.
Photonics: Used in photodetectors and other optoelectronic devices for its effective performance in various wavelength ranges.
For more information or inquiries about custom specifications, please contact us at here.
| LINEAR FORMULA: | Ge |
| PURITY: | >99.999% |
| CRYSTAL ORIENTATION: | (100), (110) & (111) - undoped |
| GROWTH METHOD: | Czochralski Method |
| DOPING CONCENTRATION | Undoped |
| CRYSTAL STRUCTURE: | Diamond cubic |
| LATTICE CONSTANT: | a=5.658A |
| MELTING POINT (°C): | 938 degsC |
| THERMAL EXPANSION COEFFICIENT (/K): | a11=5.6 x 10^-6/K |
| HARDNESS: | 6 |
| MOLAR MASS (G/MOL): | 72.63 g/mol (including dopant) |
| DENSITY (G/CM3): | 5.32 g/cm3 |
| REFRACTIVE INDEX: | n=4.0 (632.8nm) |
| SPECTRAL TRANSMISSION RANGE: | 400-1600 nm >90% (632.8 nm) |
| SIZES: | 5x5mm & 10x10 mm + on request |
| TYPICAL THICKNESS: | 0.5mm + on request |
| SIZE TOLERANCES: | +/- 0.1mm |
| THICKNESS TOLERANCES: | +/- 0.015mm |
| ORIENTATION PRECISION: | +/-0.5 degree |
| POLISHING OPTIONS: | SINGLE SIDED (1SP) OR BOTH SIDES POLISHED (2SP) |
| ROUGHNESS RA: | <0.5nm |
How long does it take for you to ship out after purchase? In-Stock Substrates are held in our US warehouse and we aim to have substrates shipped out within 24-48 hours.
Pre-Order Substrates are manufactured and delivered in 3-4 weeks.
How much is shipping? All substrates are shipped free of charge within the USA. This shipping takes approx 4-5 days to arrive once shipped.
Expedited delivery? Faster delivery options are available. Below are some indicative prices. To get the cost for your package and location, just add your address at check out and select the shipping option you want to check.
- USA FedEx 2 day delivery: typically $25 USD
- USA FedEx Overnight Delivery: typically $65USD.
- Canada FedEx International Priority: typically $25 USD.
Europe and UK Delivery? Approx cost for delivery is 50 Euros. Shipping costs will be calculated at check-out based on your address or please complete the quote form and we will email you the price. VAT and customs charges are payable by the buyer.
Rest of Worldwide Shipping? Shipping costs to the rest of the World, will be calculated at check-out. Please be aware that delivery times and tracking information vary for each country. Customs charges may apply if shipping outside of the US and are payable by the buyer.
How can I place an order? The quickest way to get your item is to buy through the website – the order is automatically picked up in our system and in stock items ships out asap.
We can accept purchase orders for established universities and companies and are happy to work with your institutes payment systems if required (although please note we are a small company so would prefer pre-payment via our website for small or one-off orders).
We have flexible payment options and can give you a quotation in any of the following currencies (USD $, CAD $, GBP £, EUROS € AUD $).
You can download a copy of our W8 form here.
What payment options do you provide? Crystal Substrates accepts the following payment methods:
- Bank Transfer into USA bank account.
- Credit Card: Visa, MasterCard, Discover, American Express, JCB, Visa Electron.
- Crystal Substrates offers a Fast Checkout option, allowing you to securely save your credit card details so that you don't have to re-enter them for future substrate purchases.
- PayPal: Shop easily online without having to enter your credit card details on the website.Your account will be charged once the order is completed.
- Sorry we do not accept payment with check.
Do you send substrates to Europe? Yes, we have many long term customers buy from all over Europe including France, UK, Germany, Italy, Norway, Netherlands. Please buy through the website or get in touch if you need a specific substrate.
We believe we have the cheapest and best quality products in the USA. If you find another US company with a lesser price (including delivery) we would be happy to price match.
Selling to 1000+ research labs worldwide, including...
Looking for a custom substrate?... Need technical help?
Drop Us A Line
We’re happy to answer any substrate questions. To help us out let us know your preferred orientation, quantity, polishing and size requirements.
RELATED PRODUCTS
Free Shipping.
on all US orders across any product category qualify.
Payment Methods.
Credit Card: Visa, MasterCard, Maestro, American Express.
Customer Service
Email us with your questions or requirements.
